Who Is Liable for a Slip and Fall on Ice and Snow in Colorado?

Winter in Colorado can be unpredictable. One day, the sun is melting away the last snowfall; the next, roads and sidewalks are covered in ice. If you’ve lived here long enough, you know that winter hazards aren’t just an inconvenience—they can be dangerous. 

Each year, icy conditions send thousands of people to the emergency room with broken bones, head injuries, and painful sprains. Slipping on ice can leave you with serious injuries, medical bills, and weeks or even months of recovery.

But who is responsible when an icy sidewalk, parking lot, or entryway causes a fall? If a property owner ignored dangerous conditions and failed to clear snow or ice within a reasonable time, they may be liable for your injuries. Colorado law requires property owners to keep their premises safe, but liability depends on multiple factors.

If you were injured in a slip and fall on ice or snow, here’s what you need to know about your rights, when a property owner may be responsible, and what steps you should take next.

Premises Liability Laws in Colorado

In Colorado, property owners and managers must keep their premises safe, including clearing ice and snow to prevent hazardous conditions. The Colorado Premises Liability Act (C.R.S. § 13-21-115) outlines when property owners can be held responsible for injuries.

Liability depends on:

• Where you fell (business, private home, public property)
• Why you were on the property
• Whether the owner had time to fix the hazard

Who Is Responsible for Clearing Ice and Snow?

Colorado’s “reasonable care” standard means property owners must take action to remove hazards. Many cities, including Colorado Springs, require sidewalks to be cleared within 24 hours after snowfall. Responsibility for clearing these hazards often falls on specific groups.

Business owners must keep sidewalks, parking lots, and entryways free of ice and snow, often by hiring maintenance companies. They can be held liable if they ignore hazardous conditions or delay clearing ice. Homeowners also have a duty to clear sidewalks in front of their properties under many local ordinances, and landlords are typically responsible for making sure common areas in apartment buildings are safe. If a tenant alerts a landlord about icy conditions and the landlord fails to address the issue, that landlord could face liability.

City and state governments, along with other public property owners, must maintain sidewalks and parks. Many jurisdictions strictly enforce snow-removal deadlines for property owners. If you file a claim against a government entity, you must follow specific legal procedures and meet shorter deadlines.

Your Status Matters: Invitee, Licensee, or Trespasser

Your legal rights after a slip and fall depend on why you were on the property. Colorado law classifies visitors into three categories:

Invitee (Highest Protection)

• Customers in a store, hotel guests, delivery drivers
• Owners must actively keep the property safe and fix hazards quickly
• If you fell in a business or commercial space, you likely have a strong case

Licensee (Moderate Protection)

• Social guests or party attendees
• Owners must warn of known dangers, like an icy front porch
• If you fell at someone’s home, proving liability may be harder

Trespasser (Lowest Protection)

• Someone on the property without permission
• Owners can’t intentionally cause harm, but they aren’t responsible for natural dangers like ice

Comparative Negligence: Can You Be Partially at Fault?

Colorado follows a modified comparative negligence law. If you’re partially at fault for your fall, your compensation is reduced by your percentage of responsibility. If you’re found more than 50% at fault, you can’t recover any damages. For example, wearing improper footwear, walking in a clearly marked danger zone, or ignoring warning signs and barriers may lead a court to conclude you share blame for the accident and reduce the amount of compensation you receive.

What Damages Can You Recover?

A slip and fall injury can result in high medical bills and lost wages if you can’t work. You may be able to recover:

• Medical expenses – Hospital visits, X-rays, physical therapy, and future treatments
• Lost income – If your injuries keep you from working
• Pain and suffering – Compensation for physical pain and emotional distress
• Disability or disfigurement – If the injury causes long-term issues

Most claims are settled through insurance, but you may need to file a lawsuit if liability is disputed.

Statute of Limitations: How Long Do You Have to File?

In Colorado, you have two years from the date of the accident to file a slip and fall lawsuit (C.R.S. § 13-80-102). If your case involves government property, you may have only six months to file a claim. Taking prompt action helps preserve evidence and strengthens your case

Steps to Take After a Slip and Fall on Ice

Getting the proper medical care and documenting the scene protect your health and any potential claim. After a slip and fall accident, make sure to:

• Get Medical Care – Even minor injuries can worsen over time. Medical records also serve as important evidence.
• Report the Fall – Notify the property owner, store manager, or landlord. Request an incident report if possible.
• Take Photos and Gather Evidence – Capture images of the ice, snow, and any warning signs. Get contact information for witnesses who saw the fall.
• Preserve Your Clothing and Shoes – Your footwear may be evidence if the owner argues you were at fault.
• Keep Records of Expenses – Track all medical bills, lost wages, and other costs tied to your injury.

What to Know Before Speaking to Insurance Adjusters

After gathering evidence and reporting your fall, you may hear from an insurance company. How you handle that conversation can significantly affect your claim. Adjusters may try to shift blame onto you by asking leading questions, and they might offer a quick settlement that doesn’t cover all your losses. 

Remember that anything you say can be used to limit or deny your claim. If an adjuster pressures you to accept a low offer, it’s wise to consult a  slip & fall injury lawyer  before making any decisions—rushed settlements can leave you paying out of pocket for future expenses.

Holding Property Owners Accountable

Colorado law protects slip and fall victims, but proving liability isn’t always easy. Insurance companies may try to blame you, and property owners may claim they weren’t responsible. Knowing your rights can make all the difference.

If you were injured in a fall caused by unaddressed ice or snow, document everything, report the incident, and take action before accepting any settlement offers. A strong case can hold negligent property owners accountable and help prevent future accidents.

Injured in a Slip and Fall on Ice or Snow? Find Out If You Have a Case Today!

A slip and fall on ice or snow can leave you with painful injuries, unexpected medical bills, and lost wages. But if a property owner’s negligence caused your fall, you have the right to seek compensation. At Heuser & Heuser, LLP, we’ve spent over 35 years standing up for injured Coloradans and making the legal process as stress-free as possible.

Our team knows how to handle slip and fall claims against property owners and insurance companies that try to downplay your injuries. We’ll investigate your case, gather the evidence to prove liability, and fight for the compensation you need to recover.

If you’ve been searching for “slip and fall injury lawyers near me” or “Colorado Springs personal injury lawyers,” you’ve come to the right place. Call us at (719) 520-9909(719) 520-9909 for a FREE case review, or fill out our confidential online form today. 

Injured? We’re on Top Of It! It’s just that easy.

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The information in this blog post (“post”) is provided for general informational purposes only and may not reflect the current law in your jurisdiction. No information in this post should be construed as legal advice from the individual author or the law firm, nor is it intended to be a substitute for legal counsel on any subject matter. No reader of this post should act or refrain from acting based on any information included in or accessible through this post without seeking the appropriate legal or other professional advice on the particular facts and circumstances at issue from a lawyer licensed in the recipient’s state, country, or other appropriate licensing jurisdiction.

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625 North Cascade Ave, Suite 300
Colorado Springs, CO 80903
(719) 520-9909(719) 520-9909
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